· 供应链分析

博主分享光子学供应链投资组合,按风险等级分层推荐多只股票。

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中文翻译

我是最早一批覆盖光子学供应链股票的人。 大多数自发布以来涨幅达到100-400%以上。 以下是我的核心论点帖的概要总结: 截至今日“最安全”的多头标的: - $TSEM(高塔半导体) - $SOI(Soitec) - $COHR——随时间推移具有防御性的复利型公司。 Soitec——在硅光子学/共封装光学(CPO)架构攀升中拥有基板垄断地位,估值极低(即使近期上涨40%+,可能仍只有1.4倍市净率)。 高塔半导体——2028年市盈率处于十几倍区间,70%以上的产能已被预订,是$NVDA架构合作伙伴,基本上是光子学领域的纯Play版$TSM。 Coherent——在光子学领域基本上覆盖从材料/基板到激光器再到光收发器的全产业链,同时也是许多其他垂直领域的基础供应商。 最高贝塔/极高增长多头标的: $AXTI——与Sumitomo形成磷化铟(InP)双头垄断(后者正面临出口管制),与Vital在上游原料端形成双头垄断。 基本上,AXT处于整个光子学食物链的顶端。出口管制风险确实存在,但我的论点是:如果AXT倒下,那么AI驱动的光子学建设也会崩塌。所以还不如做多AXT。 $AAOI——到2027年收入增长10倍。激光器->设计->组装,美国制造。主要不确定性在于执行能力、扩大从$COHR收购的激光器产能等。 超大规模数据中心运营商的需求都存在。他们能交付吗?我愿意承担这个风险。 $IQE——基本上完全依赖重组和清理债务(市值约2亿美元)。作为$LITE的外延晶圆(epiwafer)知名供应商,其主要竞争对手Landmark估值超过35亿美元。 其现有产能(反应器)潜力存在,但基本上需要成功转型光子学并切断传统业务的拖累,才能实现10倍的重新定价。 风险最高,但也可能有相应的回报。 做多$GOOGL TPU生态系统相关: $LITE——由于光学电路交换机(OCS)垄断地位,其光学相关的物料清单(BOM)占比非常高。 如果你认为谷歌TPU是一个可能最终像$NVDA那样的万亿美元项目,那就做多$LITE。 谷歌计划2026年资本支出1750-1800亿美元,其AI基础设施CTO表示计划逐年增加,可能在未来8年投入1万亿美元。 如果这个计划成立,$LITE相对于未来潜力来说估值极低。当然,他们也向其他超大规模数据中心运营商供应激光器,但我会说它与谷歌增长的关联度更高。 _ 还有许多其他我覆盖过的标的: $POET——我本人不做多,但其4亿美元资产负债表提供了良好的缓冲。我发现从$MRVL攀升中发现的Celestial项目太遥远——例如2028年预计收入5亿美元、2029年10亿美元——对于2026年来说不具实质意义。 这很大程度上取决于他们的中介器(interposers)是否能获得其他超大规模数据中心运营商的认证,而不是通过Marvell走后门——这是主要的看涨逻辑。 $HIMX——我确实发现这个论点略有说服力,作为可能的$TSM共封装光学(CPO)供应商。 但我个人更偏好$SOI,会将更多集中度投入其中(因为Soitec作为已知供应商已基本覆盖整个硅光子学领域,而且刚从下行周期中走出)。 还有很多其他的如$NOK、$SHMN也很有趣,但我个人已将集中度投入到我认为最有说服力的标的。 像$LITE这样的“拥挤标的”并不意味着没有剩余上涨空间。只是在有新消息之前,估值已经更多地被反映进去了。 存在许多“关键供应商”,但供应链中的重要性...与将其转化为极高营收增长(例如$AAOI -> 45亿美元营收)之间存在差异。 但对于光子学敞口的简要总结,我的投资组合大致如下: 高集中度(更安全): $TSEM晶圆代工、$SOI基板、$COHR全产业链 做多+卖看跌期权组合(高波动性): $AXTI基板/原料、$IQE外延晶圆、$AAOI光收发器供应链 然后做多谷歌相关$LITE

英文原文

I've been the first few to cover many supply chain photonic names. Most are up 100-400%+ since I've posted. Here's the TLDR overview of my thesis posts: “Safest” Longs as of Today: - $TSEM (Tower Semi) - $SOI (Soitec) - $COHR - Defensible compounders over time. Soitec - Substrate monopoly over silicon photonics / CPO architectural ramp at dirt cheap valuation (after recent 40%+ rise maybe still 1.4x book) Tower Semi - P/E in the 10's for 2028, 70%+ capacity booked already, $NVDA architectural partner, and basically the pure play $TSM of photonics. Coherent - Basically does everything from materials/substrates to lasers to transceivers in photonics. As well as fundamental supplier to many other verticals. Most High Beta/Extreme Growth Longs: $AXTI - InP duopoly with Sumitomo (that getting export controlled), upstream feedstock duopoly with Vital. Basically at the top of the entire photonics food chain is AXT. There's certainty export control risks, but my thesis is that if AXT goes down, the photonic buildout with AI goes down. So might as well go long on AXT. $AAOI - 10x revenue ramp into 2027. Laser -> Design -> Assembly, Made in America. Main uncertainty is execution, scaling laser capacity that they've bought from $COHR, etc. Demand from hyperscalers are all there. Can they deliver? I'd take the risk. $IQE - Basically completely dependent on restructuring and clearing debt (~$200M MC). Known $LITE supplier for epiwafers, and their main competitor was Landmark with a $3.5B+ valuation. The latent capacity is there with reactors, but they basically need to pull off a successful pivot over to photonics and cut off legacy drag for 10x rerating. Highest risk out there, but maybe worth the reward.s Long $GOOGL TPU Ecosystem: $LITE - Basically very high BOM related to optical due to OCS monopoly for Google. If you think Google TPU is a trillion dollar program that might end up like $NVDA, go long on $LITE. Google has $175-180B capex planned for 2026, and their CTO for AI Infra said they plan to up that Y/Y, probably spending $1 trillion in the next 8 years. If that holds up, $LITE is extremely undervalued relative to forward potential. Of course the supply lasers to other hyperscalers too, but I'd say it's more heavily tethered to Google growth. _ There's a ton of others out there I've covered like: $POET - I'm personally not long, but $400M balance sheet gives it good cushion. Just found Celestial from $MRVL ramp was too far out, eg. $500 million 2028, $1 billion 2029 projections, for revenue to be too material as of 2026. It largely depends if their interposers get other hyperscaler qualifications rather than backdooring through Marvell, which was the main bull case. $HIMX- I did find this thesis to be slightly compelling as a likely $TSM COUPE supplier. But personally, I preferred $SOI, and would just put more concentration into that (since Soitec known supplier already to basically everything silicon photonics, and is just coming out of a downturn). There’s a lot more like $NOK, $SHMN, that are interesting, but I’ve personally out concentration into the ones I find most compelling. As “crowded names” like $LITE, it does not mean there’s no upside left. It just happens to be more priced in until there’s new news. There's a lot of "critical suppliers" but there's a difference between importance in the supply chain... And converting that into extreme revenue growth eg. $AAOI -> $4.5 billion in revenue. But for TLDR photonics exposure, my portfolio looks similar to this: High Concentration (Safer) $TSEM foundry, $SOI substrate, $COHR everything Mix of Long + CSP (High Volaility): $AXTI substrate/feedstock, $IQE epiwafer, $AAOI transceiver supply chain Then Long Google with $LITE

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