· 供应链分析

深度分析光子学供应链四只股票,强调TAM扩张和垂直整合逻辑,认为是长期核心持仓而非短期交易

涉及标的:

中文翻译

当我看到像这样(而且很多)的来自散户投资者的评论时,我立刻认为他们缺乏技术深度。 我来逐一分析从$SIVE到$LPK的每家公司: 1. 光子学TAM(总可寻址市场)从$140亿增长到$1540亿,仅仅两年时间,而且它很可能会在2030年之后继续增长,因为它是下一代架构的首选。 它不会在1年内消失。它不会在3年内消失,这就是为什么$LITE的溢价越来越高,因为他们已经排产到2028年了。 $SIVE供应CW(连续波)激光器,高度绑定CPO(共封装光学)和现在的可插拔收发器,用于1.6T和3.2T... 适用于像$JBL、Ayar、Lightmatter、Lightelligence、$POET、$MRVL、Celestial和$AMD这样的预期公司。 这不是一个"交易",它是下一代光子学的核心瓶颈和IP持有者。 而且作为未来几年的舒适持仓是很合适的,因为他们正在扩展成为下一个$LITE。 我个人看到的风险(既然他们已经与这么多玩家完成认证),主要是他们能从整体光学超级周期中捕获多少TAM(市场空间)。(以及Win Semi产能爬坡的潜在风险,但Win体量很大所以我可以放心睡觉)。 因为仅仅供应激光器不足以支撑估值。 是TAM向下扩展到制造整个ELS(外部激光源)或整个可插拔收发器,才让这些激光器公司如此有价值。 之后,他们可以向上垂直整合以扩大毛利率,像$COHR那样做激光代工甚至衬底级别的业务。 在我看来,这是非常不对称的风险/回报比,因为我们已经在$LITE身上看到过——他们从$20亿增长到$800亿。 2. $LPK——是下一代先进封装转向玻璃基板的最纯粹敞口,没有SKC Absolics混乱的财务问题。 几乎每家主要半导体公司从$INTC到三星都在采用玻璃基板。 $LPK基本上就是该瓶颈的$ASML,因为他们目前供应给全球约80%的玩家。 是的,设备供应商有"贸易周期",比如$ASML,如果有更多晶圆厂资本支出,ASML就会增长。但如果出现低迷,这些往往表现不佳,也无法捕获之后发生的所有量产出货。 然而,如果市值是$6.5亿,他们正在实现$1-2亿收入,随着每个客户的量产出货增长,他们从玻璃基板周期中获得的收益可能会超过当前估值。 而且他们会有基本面支撑(因为越来越多的公司采用封装转型),这会维持他们的估值。 现在只是等待产能爬坡的时机而已。 3. $AAOI——这简直就是美国版的光子学$INTC。可以说Intel不是长期投资。 猜猜你们所有的光收发器是在哪里制造的? 中国、泰国、马来西亚。如果你看看Innolight、Eoptolink、$FN和其他公司。 AOI正在建设最大的美国本土供应链,包括CW激光器代工以及800G、1.6T组装。 是的,这也有可插拔周期起伏。明年会有1.6T的浪潮,然后CPO会蚕食可插拔市场。 但由于他们在内部制造整个供应链,他们对其他细分市场有极大的选择性。而且像$NVDA的老一代GPU一样,会有主权数据中心对老一代可插拔收发器的需求,来自像$AAOI这样的厂商。 它很可能会继续上涨,因为它在2026年下半年达到每月$4亿+收入的目标。 一路上有很多不同的短期波动,比如$6亿的稀释。 4. $IQE——???这是西方世界最重要的外延晶圆玩家之一。 $MTSI不遗余力地偿还了IQE的债务,因为他们不能让IQE倒闭。$IQE还向$LITE供货。 目前世界在 Landmark评论提到的外延晶圆水平和InP衬底水平都存在瓶颈。 他们的财务数据虽然糟糕,但从原始账面价值和他们在整个西方供应链中的价值来看……完全支撑他们的估值。其他光学公司不会让他们核心的上游供应链倒闭。 因为这些价值数千万美元的材料出问题,会搞砸下游价值数十亿美元的产品。 再次强调,光子学是扩展AI所需的下一代架构。不是量子计算那种"还在开发中"的东西。 它就在这里,而且是$NVDA选择的架构。 如果几年后这些都涨了很多,我一点也不会惊讶。 那些认为"只是因为我提到了"就在3个月内一波流的 people,根本不知道他们在说什么。 机构最终会买入这些标的(就像Point 72买入$IQE那样),散户只会在估值已经涨了600%之后才知道。 真的应该在发表评论前做好研究: 这些都是需要深入供应链知识的前瞻性增长公司。

英文原文

When I see comments like this (and there are a lot) from retail investors: I immediately think they lack the technical depth. I'll walk through each one from $SIVE to $LPK: 1. Photonics TAM goes from $14B -> $154B In just two years time, and it's likely going to keep scaling past 2030 as it's the next generation architecture of choice. It's not going away in 1 year. It's not going away in 3 years, which is why $LITE premiums keep going higher since they're backlogged into 2028. $SIVE supplies CW lasers and is highly tethered to CPO and now pluggable transcivers for 1.6T and 3.2... For expected companies like $JBL, Ayar, Lightmatter, Lightelligence, $POET, $MRVL Celestial, and $AMD. This isn't a "trade", it's the core chokepoint and IP holder for the next generation of photonics. And it's a comfortable hold for the next few years as they scale to become the next $LITE. The risk I personally see (since they're already qualified with so many players), it's mainly how much TAM they can capture of the overall optical supercycle. (And potential risks with Win Semi volume ramp, but Win is massive so I can sleep tightly there). As just supplying lasers isn't enough to justify valuation. It's TAM expansion downward into making the entire ELS or entire pluggable transceiver that makes these laser companies so valuable. Then afterward, they can vertically integrating upward for gross margin expansion upward like $COHR into doing the laser fabs or even substrate level. And that in my view is a very asymmetric risk/reward ratio as we've already seen this done with $LITE as they went from $2B to $80B. 2. $LPK - Is the purest exposure, without the messy financials of SKC Absolics, as the next advanced packaging shift for glass substrates. Almost every single major semi company from $INTC to Samsung are adopting glass substrates. $LPK is basically $ASML of this chokepoint, since they supply to ~80% of the global players currently. Yes, there's "trade cycles" for equipment suppliers like $ASML, where if there's more foundry capex, ASML scales up. But if there's downturns, these tend to perform poorly, and don't capture all the volume ramp that happens after. However, if the MC is $650m and they're making $100-200M, revenue per costumer volume ramped, the amount they make from the glass substrate cycle will likely exceed current valuations. And they'll have baseline fundamentals (as more companies adopt the packaging shift), that keeps their valuation up. It's just a waiting game for volume ramp at this point. 3. $AAOI - This is literally $INTC but for America + Photonics. It's like saying Intel is not a long term investment. Guess where all your optical transcivers are made? China. Thailand. Malaysia. If you look at Innolight, Eoptolink, $FN, and others. AOI is building the largest Made in America supply chains for both CW laser fab, as well as 800g, 1.6T assembly. Yes, there are pluggable cycle ups and downs to this as well. There's going to be a wave for 1.6T next year, then CPO cannibalizes pluggables down the road. But since they make the entire supply chain in house, they have extreme optionality for other segments. And like $NVDA older gen-GPUs, there's going to be sovereign DC requirements for older gen pluggables from names like $AAOI. It's likely going to keep rising as it hits that $400m+/month revenue target H2 2026. There's just a lot of different short term volatility along the way like the $600m dilution. 4. $IQE - ??? It's one of the most important players in the Western word for epiwafers. $MTSI went out of their way to pay off IQE's debt because they can't have them going under. $IQE is also supplying to $LITE. The world is currently bottlenecked both on the epiwafer level from Landmark comments and InP substrate levels. Their financials were track but the raw book value, and value they hold to the entire Western supply chain... completely justifies their valuation. And other optical companies will not let their core upstream supply chain go under. As these tens of millions worth of materials would screw up tens of billions worth of downstream products. Again photonics is the next generation architecture required to scale AI. It's not Quantum where it's just "In development". It's literally here and the architecture of choice by $NVDA. I would not be surprised if all of these are a lot higher in 3-4 years time. People who think it's one and done in 3 months time "only because I mentioned it" don't know what they're talking about. Institutions would have bought up the name eventually (like Point 72 on $IQE) and retail would only find out after their valuations are 600% higher. Should really do the research before adding comments like these: These are all forward growth companies that require in-depth supply chain knowledge.

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